Are contingent fees allowed in civil matters if in writing and reasonable?

• A. No.
• B. Only if approved by a court.
• C. Yes, but only for criminal matters.
• D. Yes.

Answer: (D)

Contingent fees are allowed in civil matters as long as the arrangement is in writing and the fee is reasonable. The Model Rules treat a contingent fee in civil cases as permissible, provided the client is informed in writing about the agreement, the method for calculating the fee is clear, and the fee is not collected until the matter ends. The writing and reasonableness requirements protect the client by ensuring transparency and fairness, and they distinguish civil representations from criminal cases, where contingent fees are generally prohibited.